Hi welcome to the next blog post. Today we will discuss in the concrete. If you are searching for all the information on the concrete this is the right place you land. I hope you are satisfied after seeing it. I have included concrete, types of concrete, concrete mix design ratio, and concrete strength. So you don’t need any other platform for concrete technology.
What is concrete?
Do you already know what is the concrete? I hope you understand concretely before. Don’t worry about it.
Concrete is a construction material by mixing Cement, Sand, Aggregate, and Water. In the concrete also mix Admixter to improve the quality of the concrete. If you can make the best quality concrete then the concrete mix design ratio should be maintained. The property of Concrete can be maintained and concrete becomes a quality for the construction.
What is the grade of concrete?
In a simple way, the grade of concrete is the strength and quality of concrete used in the construction. The grade of concrete is denoted by the numerical value of M20, M30, C25, and M25. Later M refers to ‘Mix‘ and Number refers to the compressive strength of concrete. Compressive strength is calculated after 28 days of curing. Compressive strcgth can be measured In a Megapascaal MPa unit.
The grade of concrete is most important in the construction industry because it determines the concrete ability to withstand load by the concrete structure. You have to have proper knowledge of the grade of concrete. If we maintain a grade of concrete in the construction site that doesn’t fail the concrete structure.
The grade of concrete can be calculated after 28 days of curing of the concrete cube block. The Block size is 150 mm x 150 mm x 150 mm. After the cube curing at 28 days, compressive strength comes to 20 Mpa which is the strength of concrete in a particular grade of concrete.
Concrete grade according to the compressive strength
According to the compressive strength concrete grade and concrete design can calculated. The following are 15 grades of concrete according to the IS 456:2000.
| Concrete | Designation | Compressive strength at 28 days (N/mm2) |
| Ordinary Concrete | M 10 M 15 M 20 | 10 15 20 |
| Standard Concrete | M 25 M 30 M 35 M 40 M 45 M 50 M 55 | 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 |
| High Strength Concrete | M 60 M 65 M 70 M 75 M 80 | 60 65 70 75 80 |
Where M stands for ‘Mix’ and the Numeric value stands for compressive strength after 28 days of curing in N/mm2 unit.
Concrete Mix Design Ratio
The concrete mix design ratio is the proportion of concrete ingredients or components such as Cement, sand, aggregate and water, admixture. The concrete mix ratio depends on the type of construction and requires mix design in the construction.
The building codes and IS standard gives the nominal and standard mix ratio design for various construction project. All the data should be collected from the experience in the construction and experiments in the construction. So nominal and standard concrete mix design ratios are discussed in this article. Keep in mind all the data as possible.
Types of concrete mix design ratio
- Nominal mix ratio
- Standard mix ratio
Nominal Mix Ratio
The nominal Mix ratio of concrete is generally used in small-scale construction work. The nominal mix ratio is a lower grade of concrete used for small construction projects. In this type of mix design, the concrete constituent and mix ratio proportions are prefixed and specified. The concrete mix-up to M25 is known as the nominal mix design. Basically, the M20 grade of concrete is mostly used in small-scale construction which is called nominal mix design.
Basically, M 5, M 10, M 15, and M 20 grades of concrete should be used in the nominal mix ratio of concrete.
| Types of Concrete | Grade of Concrete | Mix design ratio | Compressive strength after 28 days |
| Ordinary concrete | M 5 | 1:5:10 | 5 Mpa |
| Ordinary concrete | M 7.5 | 1:4:8 | 7.5 Mpa |
| Ordinary concrete | M 10 | 1:3:6 | 10 Mpa |
| Ordinary concrete | M 15 | 1:2:4 | 15 Mpa |
| Ordinary concrete | M 20 | 1:1.5:3 | 20 Mpa |
The proportion of Nominal grade of concrete ingredients is mentioned below:
| Grade of concrete | Maximum quantity of Dry course and fine aggregate by 50 kg cement | the proportion of fine aggregate to coarse aggregate by mass | proportion of fine aggregate to coarse aggregate by mass |
| M 5 M 7.5 M 10 M 15 M 20 | 800 kg 625 kg 480 kg 350 kg 250 kg | Generally 1:2 Upper limit 1:1.5 Lower limit 1:2.5 | 60 45 34 32 60 |
Standard mix ratio
The standard mix design is used in the high-rise building structure. If you can construct of more than thirty feet high building standard mix design is necessary. Before you choose a standard mix design you should do a structural analysis of the high-rise building.
After structural analysis of the building property, a structural engineer can decide on the mixed design for the particular building. In the above mixed-design table M 25 to M 55 grade of concrete is the standard mix-design ratio of the concrete.
A minimum compressive strength is included in most specifications. Hence these types of mixtures are called standard mixtures.
IS 456-2000 categorizes concrete mixtures into M10, M15, M20, M25, M30, M35, and M40 categories.
| Types of Concrete | Grade of Concrete | Design Mix Ratio | Compressive strength of concrete after 28 days of curing |
| Standard concrete | M 25 | 1:1:2 | 25 Mpa |
| Standard concrete | M 30 | Design Mix | 30 Mpa |
| Standard concrete | M 35 | Design Mix | 35 Mpa |
| Standard concrete | M 40 | Design Mix | 40 Mpa |
| Standard concrete | M 45 | Design Mix | 45 Mpa |
| Standard concrete | M 50 | Design Mix | 50 Mpa |
Design Mix Ratio of Concrete
In the Design mix ratio of concrete does not have any fixed proportion of concrete ingredients and materials quantity. In this design mix the concrete materials are taken according to the requirements and structural design of the building. It totally depends on the concrete designer.
The designer can decide on the required proportion of the concrete ingredients. Designers can select the design mix ratio concrete to get better quality and strength of concrete. we can get the desired and required strength of concrete In this method of Concrete mix ratio.
In this mixed design, the setting time, workability, and desired compressive strength can achieved by adding admixture.
The design mix concrete grades are above the M 50 and it is also called the high-strength concrete mix ratio. High-strength concrete is used in high-rise buildings, Large construction, bridge construction, and hydropower structures.
Concrete Mix Design ratio table
| Types of Concrete | Grade of Concrete | Mix ratio | Compressive strength of concrete after 28 days |
| High-strength concrete | M 50 | Design Mix | 50 Mpa |
| High-strength concrete | M 55 | Design Mix | 55 Mpa |
| High-strength concrete | M 60 | Design Mix | 60 Mpa |
| High-strength concrete | M 65 | Design Mix | 65 Mpa |
| High-strength concrete | M 70 | Design Mix | 70 Mpa |
| High-strength concrete | M 75 | Design Mix | 75 Mpa |
| High-strength concrete | M 80 | Design Mix | 80 Mpa |
Use of Different grade of Concrete
Ordinary-grade of concrete
M 5, M 10, and M 15 grade of concrete is used for PCC work. {PCC=Plain Cement Concrete}
M 20 Grade of Concrete is used for RCC work such as beams, pillars, slabs, and footing. {RCC= Reinforced Cement Concrete}
Standard-grade of Concrete
M 25, M 30, and M 35 Grade of concrete used for RCC structures like a beam, column, footing, and slab.
M 40 grade of concrete is used for pre-stress concrete work, slab beam footing, and column.
M 45 and M 50 Grade of concrete are used for Rcc Column, Concrete Roadway, and prestressed concrete.
M 55 grade of concrete is used for pre-stress concrete piers.
High strength concrete
M 60, M 65 to M 80 grades of concrete are used in high-rise buildings, span bridges, dams, and coastal construction. High-strength concrete is used to get high compressive strength in the RCC structure.
These are the general applications of different grades of Concrete mix design ratios.
Importance of good concrete mix design ratio
It is very important to the concrete construction. Better compressive strength and properties are based on the concrete mix design ratio. For the long-term project of the concrete structure mix design ratio is so important. To get quality manufacture of RCC structure concrete mic design ratio is most important.
If the concrete mix design ratio is not maintained in the construction, the Concrete structure can fail. So good concrete design mix is very important to the RCC structure.
Factors affecting the Concrete mix design ratio
There are some factors affecting the strength and durability of the mix design ratio. The following are some major factors:
Selection of Cement
There are different brands of cement available in the market. So we can select popular brands of cement to better mix design. So we should select the best brand of cement for a good quality grade of concrete.
Selection of Aggregates
Different types of aggregates and sizes of aggregates are available in the market. good quality aggregates are a major factor in concrete mix design. The quality of aggregate selection depends on the properties of the building. Different RCC component of building requires specific quality of aggregates.
Water used for mixing
Clean and free of impurities of water should be selected for the mixing of concrete. Water is also a major factor in the concrete mix design ratio. If you need good-strength concrete clean water should be used. Free of chemical impurities in water is best for the concrete.
Water cement ratio
water cement ratio is a major factor to be affected to the concrete. If doesn’t maintain water-cement ratio concrete gets poor strength and durability. water cement ratio is directly affected by the concrete in terms of workability, slump, and bleeding.
Concrete Mix Design Ratio Table
Following is the table of concrete mix ratio design from Nominal to High-strength concrete:
| Concrete Grade | Mix Ratio | Compressive strength in MPA(N/mm2) | Compressive strength in PSI |
| M5 | 1:5:10 | 5 Mpa | 725 psi |
| M7.5 | 1:4:8 | 7.5 Mpa | 1087 psi |
| M10 | 1:3:6 | 10 Mpa | 1450 Psi |
| M15 | 1:2:4 | 15 Mpa | 2175 Psi |
| M20 | 1:1.5:3 | 20 Mpa | 2900 Psi |
| Concrete Grade | Mix Ratio | Compressive strength in MPA(N/mm2) | Compressive strength in PSI |
| M25 | 1:1:2 | 25 Mpa | 3625 psi |
| M30 | Design Mix | 30 Mpa | 4350 psi |
| M35 | Design Mix | 35 Mpa | 5075 psi |
| M40 | Design Mix | 40 Mpa | 5800 psi |
| M45 | Design Mix | 45 Mpa | 6525 psi |
| Concrete Grade | Mix Ratio | Compressive strength in MPA(N/mm2) | Compressive strength in PSI |
| M50 | Design Mix | 50 Mpa | 7250 psi |
| M55 | Design Mix | 55 Mpa | 7975 psi |
| M60 | Design Mix | 60 Mpa | 8700 psi |
| M65 | Design Mix | 65 Mpa | 9425 psi |
| M70 | Design Mix | 70 Mpa | 10150 psi |
Download Concrete Mix design Ratio Table:
Conclusion
Different types of Concrete mix design ratio gives specific need and requirements for the concrete structure. Nominal to High strength concrete mix used in different applications. The design mix can be chosen depending on the property of the construction. M 5 to M 80 types of concrete grade are mentioned in this article. M stands for Mix and Neumeric value stands for compressive strength of concrete. It is most important to select of concrete mix design ratio of the construction. Different grades of concrete have different compressive strengths after 28 days.
FAQs
What are the ingredients of concrete mix?
The ingredients of Concrete mix are cement, sand aggregates, water, and admixture. The proportion of ingredients should be maintained as the required grade of concrete.
What is a 1:2:3 mix design?
Generally, the mix design of a 1:2:3 grade of concrete ratio is the combination of 1 part cement, 2 parts sand, and 3 parts aggregates.
What is the ratio of M20 Grade of Concrete?
1:1.5:3 is an M 20 Grade of Concrete mix design ratio. Where M refers to Mix and 20 Mpa is the compressive strength of concrete in Megapascal.
What are the major grades of concrete?
Nominal grade, Standard grade, and High-strength grade concrete is the major grade of concrete.
what are the 7 grades of concrete?
Ordinary grade: M10, M15 and M20.
standard grade: M25, M30, M35, M40, M45, M50, M55.
High Strength Concrete: M60, M65, M70, M75, M80.
What is the grade of Concrete?
The grade of concrete is the classification of the concrete Based on its compressive strength measure after 28 days in the cubical sample. The sample size should be 150mm x 150mm x 150mm.
