Generation of Computer With features | Latest Knowledge of Computer 2022

 

Second computer revolution

The second computer revolution occurred when personal computers became more user-friendly and could be used by a wider population. The first personal computers were introduced in 1975, and they started to become commonplace in offices in large companies during that time. Many small businesses also purchased them because they were cheaper than using typewriters. Word processing programs such as WordPerfect were popular at that time. However, PCs still had a lot of limitations, which prevented widespread adoption among consumers and small businesses. The second computer revolution was led by Apple Computers’ Macintosh 128K, which was released in 1984 for $2,495.

 

Second Generation Computer Technology

• From 1956 to 1963
• Used transistors for technology
• As transistors are smaller than vacuum tubes, the size of computers becomes smaller than 1st generation computers.
• Used magnetic tape disk instead of punch card.

Features/ main characteristics

• Transistors were used instead of vacuum tubes
• Consume less power
• Faster programming
• The operating speed is faster
• Used both machine language
• High-speed small size reliable
• Better portability and generate less heat.

Examples: Honer Well, IBM, UNIVAC, IBM 7000.

 

Third computer revolution – Integrated circuits

During a visit to an integrated circuit manufacturing plant in 1973, Intel co-founder Gordon Moore observed that every time Intel doubled its component density on a chip, costs dropped by 50 percent. This observation is now known as Moore’s Law and has driven innovation in integrated circuits since it was first described. While we are still many years away from incorporating all of our transistors onto a single chip, computer scientists have found ways to improve computing power without breaking Moore’s Law.

 

Third Generation of Computer Technology

• From 1964 to 1971
• The third generation computer is based on the IC. Which refers to integrated circuits.
• (IC is a small electronic device made out of semiconductor materials)
• Computer IC is both for CPU and memory.
• In computer is Composed of semiconductor materials or in other words IC.

 

Features (based on IC technology)

• Capable of running more operations simultaneously.
• A user interacts with the computer through the keyboard for input and monitor for output.
• The computer becomes much smaller, faster, cheaper more energy-efficient, and more reliable than 2nd generation computers.

Examples: IBM 360, Honeywell 600, STAR
The high-level language was used.

 

Fourth computer revolution – Microprocessors

The fourth revolution of computers is microprocessors and it will allow us to make computers smaller than ever before. With the Fourth generation computer, a single PC can have a handful of cores in addition to its traditional ones and they will communicate better and faster. The new technology will also enable these devices to take on more complex jobs, such as video processing, offering improvements in image quality (especially if you combine multiple processors), or higher levels of computer-generated graphics.

 

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Fourth Generation computer Technology 

• From 1971 – present
• Fourth- Generation computers used very-large-scale integration (VLSI) technology. (LSI)
• Called the microprocessor-based generation.
• In the first three-generation, the focus of development was circuitry. And the intention was to reduce the size and make the computer more efficient by reducing power consumption.
• But in the fourth generation, the focus of development was the process of the brain. And the purpose of this computer is to make it faster than faster in the work.

 

Features

• Used VLSI technology
• Smaller, more, cheaper, and reliable
• Multiprocessing
• High storage capacity
• User friendly
• GUI-based OS used
• High speed and a large size semiconductor memory.
• Magnetic, optical disk and portable storage devices have been into.
• Multimedia, Networking.

 

Fifth computer revolution – Personal Computers (PC)

In 1980, a new generation of computers appeared on everyone’s desk. The personal computer (PC) became commercially available as early as 1977 when Apple released its first PC. These personal computers were intended to be used at home and not at a business or government office. The different generations of computers allow people to use computers in more efficient ways by making them smaller, cheaper, and faster than previous generations.

 

Sixth computer revolution – Technology Revolution on Internet

Moore’s Law predicts that processing power for computers will double approximately every two years and that memory capacity for computers will double every year. While we may not be at those levels yet, and these trends are not guaranteed to continue, it’s a pretty safe bet they will continue on some level. That means our technology is constantly evolving; in fact, there have been six different generations of computer hardware since 1946.

 

Seventh computer revolution – Digital Era

The first-generation computer revolution gave us electromechanical computers, which were giant calculating machines. The second-generation computer revolution gave us vacuum tubes and transistors, which were smaller but also slower than their predecessors. The third-generation computer revolution led to integrated circuits and laid the groundwork for Moore’s Law, an observation that computing power roughly doubles every two years.

 

Eighth computer revolution – Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Robotics (ROBOT) technology era

While we’re still trying to figure out how AI and robots are going to change our future, there’s no denying that they are here to stay. There is a lot of talk about whether or not AI will take over people’s jobs and make other jobs obsolete, but for now, it is still part of an evolution of technology that has been happening for decades.

 

Ninth computer revolution – Internet Of Things (IoT) Era

IoT is a network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances, and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and connectivity which enables these objects to connect and exchange data. This allows them to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure via standardized communication protocols.

IoT is an emerging technology that is expected to become pervasive in residential homes (also known as Home Area networks), enterprise buildings (also known as Building Area networks), and industrial environments.

IoT allows everything from self-driving cars to smartphones – to keep track of everyday things in context for you automatically by pulling information from various online sources. With its seamless integration into your life, it will enhance your experience making daily tasks smoother while also providing a host of useful data at your fingertips when you need it most.

So these are the generation of computers. I hope you are happy to see this article. If you have any queries about computers please inbox me on social media. Instagram is a more feasible way to connect to each other. Where we talk about all the technological topics. Thank you.