Door And Window Use In Building Construction.
The door and window is the most important part of the building. From the design perspective view, different types of doors and windows are used in the building construction. The door is used to access men and the window mostly use for excess light, wind, and ventilation.
Door
The door is a frame consisting of two vertical members ( metallic or wooden) termed as stills and one top horizontal member termed rails are assembled by forming joints at intersections.
It is an opening portion in the building which is very important to provide ventilation on the building structure. Each and every type of building structure can be provided an opening schedule which doors essentially.
Window
It is the rectangular, square arch shape of a frame consisting of two vertical members (metallic or wooden) termed as stills and two horizontal members termed as rails are assembled by forming joints at intersections.
The window is also the opening portion of the building structure. Windows are mostly provided in the building to ventilation systems in the building. Without using window building property can not be qualify.
Type of Doors and Windows use in Building Construction
Depending upon the user type materials to the arrangement of various components, method of building construction and nature of working operations doors used in any building may be broadly classified into different types as mentioned below:
- Flush door
- Ledged braced and battened door
- Sold panel doors
- Glazed doors
- Insect screen or fly proof doors
- Framed, ledged braced, and battened door
- Revolving doors
- Rolling doors
- Sliding doors
- Collapsible doors
- Rolling shutter
- Swing doors
- Rolling grill doors
- M.S. Sheet doors
- Fire check doors
- Battened and ledged door
- Venetian door
Type of windows used in building construction
Depending upon the types of materials used and nature of operation movements of shutters location and manner in which they are fixed windows also can be broadly classified below:
- Fixed windows
- Pivoted windows
- Double-hung windows
- Sliding windows
- Glazed or sash windows
- Louvered windows
- Bay windows
- Metal windows
- Corner windows
- Clerestory windows
- Dormer windows
- Gable windows
- Skylights
- Ventilators
- Fanlight
Procedure to erect and fix doors and window frame
- Before fixing all portion of the frame that will come in contact with masonry are painted with a thick coat of coal tar or by any approved variety of wood primer.
- The door or window frame is erect in proper position and secured to the wall by using metal holdfasts.
- A Minimum of three holdfasts is fixed on each jamb one being fixed at the centre and the remaining two at 30 cm from the top and bottom of the jamb.
- The metal holdfasts are embedded in concrete blocks and the frame gets built-in as the construction of the wall goes up at the feet the jambs are embedded in the flooring to its full depth.
- Alternatively, the frame can be fixed in a prepared door opening in this case wooden blocks are termed as plugs are embedded at appropriate places in the jambs during the construction of the wall.
- After the door opening is prepared, the frame is placed in position and fixed with the plugs galvanized from ironwood screws.
- This method of fixing frame is invariably adopted in the case of stone masonry and R.C.C. work.
- This procedure is mostly followed to fixed doors and windows in the building construction Technology.
